While the overall U.S. cancer rate declines, Iowa's is sharply increasing. The state now has the second-highest cancer incidence rate in the nation.

Smoking and diet are known risks, but researchers are now pointing to Iowa's unique environment. Contaminants in the water, soil, and air are playing a crucial role.

Iowa's intensive agriculture results in the fourth-highest pesticide use by weight nationally. These chemicals can remain in the environment for decades.

The Des Moines and Raccoon rivers rank in the top 1% nationwide for nitrate concentration. Roughly 80% of this contamination originates from agricultural sources.

Only 4% of Iowa's community water systems have the capability to remove nitrate. Exposure is associated with increased risks of colorectal and other cancers.

Radon gas is the second-leading cause of lung cancer in Iowa. The state's average indoor radon level is 8 pCi/L, double the EPA's action threshold.

PFAS break down extremely slowly. They have been detected in 94% of surface waters and 30% of groundwater sources in Iowa.

An estimated 30% of active pesticide ingredients approved over the last decade were PFAS. This poses a particular concern given Iowa's high pesticide use.

Cancer is multifactorial, but risk factors like pesticides, PFAS, nitrate, and radon combine and build on one another in the environment.